The Causes and Effects of Climate Change on Decreasing Food Production in Africa

Abstract

Climate change becomes a major issue universally because of global warming which both are interchangeable. Global warming occurs because of pollution, deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions leading to climate change like higher temperatures, drought, floods and changing rain fall patterns. In this article we discussed about causes of climate change in Africa and their effects on food production in African countries. Extreme droughts lead towards the drying up of soil, which is not a suitable condition for agricultural crops, consequently it becomes a major reason for food insecurity. Higher temperatures create more pests’ diseases in crops and livestock which also leads towards food insecurities because of loss in crops and livestock. These natural food losses also affect rural livelihoods. Fisheries also effected because of rising sea level temperatures and floods which is also a major factor of food insecurity in African region. Many waters borne diseases also spread into foods and humans due to floods which cause disturbance of food chain and human capacity to get enough nutrients from available foods. Consequently, there should be proper management of climate changes and food availability on government level to overcome the problems of food insecurity.